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GEDAE-LaB: A Free Software to Calculate the Energy System Contributions during Exercise | PLOS ONE.

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Tako je tudi Ciscova IP-telefonija le ena od mnogih ponudnikov te tehnologije. Le lepa beseda in dobra komunikacija sta potrebni, da stranko zadovoljimo in Microsoft Windows Server administration instant reference. Fast, accurate answers for common Windows Server questions Serving as a perfect companion to all Windows Server books, this reference provides you with quick and easily searchable solutions to day-to-day challenges of Microsoft 's newest version of Windows Server.

Using helpful design features such as thumb tabs, tables of contents, and special heading treatments, this resource boasts a smooth and seamless approach to finding information.

Plus, quick-reference tables and lists provide additional on-the-spot answers. Covers such key topics as server roles and functionality, u. Capa fotod muuseumi. The most interesting is the diagram of the relationship of learning principles, teaching methods and specific types of requests.

Materials and Methods: the authors used comparative analysis of literature, syllabi, curricula in medical informatics taught at leading medical universities in Russia. Especially in recent years, Macintosh computer is much less popular than PC. Most of the geneticists use PC to analyze their genetic linkage data.

Microsoft Excel,one component of Microsoft Office package, is one of the most popular software in laboratory data processing. Using this program language, we can take creative control of Excel, including genetic linkage map construction, automatic data processing and more.

In this paper, a Microsoft Excel macro called MapDraw is constructed to draw genetic linkage maps on PC computer based on given genetic linkage data.

Use this software,you can freely construct beautiful genetic linkage map in Excel and freely edit and copy it to Word or other application. This software is just an Excel format file. Using spreadsheets such as Microsoft Excel for building crop models and running simulations can be beneficial. Excel is easy to use, powerful, and versatile, and it requires the least proficiency in computer programming compared to other programming platforms.

Excel, however, has several weaknesses: it does not directly support loops for iterative…. Study the feasibility of using Microsoft Kinect R for radiotherapy applications; Estudio de la viabilidad del uso de Microsoft Kinetic en aplicaciones para radioterapia. In this paper, we study the possibility of using Kinect for Xbox R developed by Microsoft for help in positioning patients for radiotherapy. KinectR is considered to be appropriate for this purpose if I could shoot 3D objects covering at least the volume occupied by one person and have sufficient accuracy in determining distances.

Parametric methods are preferable to resampling methods when the distributions of observations in the reference samples is Gaussian or can transformed to that distribution even when the number of reference samples is less than Resampling methods are appropriate when the distribution of data from the reference samples is non-Gaussian and in case the number of reference individuals and corresponding samples are in the order of At least random samples with replacement should be taken from the results of measurement of the reference samples.

The introduction of the Microsoft Kinect sensor, which is a low-cost, easy to set up and markerless motion capture system, offers promising possibilities for postural studies. Considering the Kinect's special ability in head-pose and facial-expression tracking and complexity of cervical spine movements, this study aimed to assess concurrent validity of the Microsoft Kinect against an electrogoniometer for neck angle measurements.

A special software program was developed to calculate the neck angle based on Kinect skeleton tracking data. Neck angles were measured simultaneously by electrogoniometer and the developed software program in 10 volunteers. The results were recorded in degrees and the time required for each method was also measured. The Kinect's ability to identify body joints was reliable and precise.

Kinect-based measurement was much faster and required less equipment, but accurate measurement with Microsoft Kinect was only possible if the participant was in its field of view. Getting started with Microsoft Lync server This book has a practical approach with a lot of step-by-step guides and explanations as to where and why we're doing the various operations.

Getting Started with Microsoft Lync Server is a starting point for system administrators, IT pros, unified communication technicians, and decision makers in companies or in the consultancy business. For people who have never managed Lync or a U. If you are already managing a Lync deployment you will find important explanations and ideas put together in a single text.

If you. Microsoft Exchange Server PowerShell cookbook. This book is written in a Cookbook-style format and provides practical, immediately usable task-based recipes that show you how to manage and maintain your Microsoft Exchange Server environment with Windows PowerShell 3.

Each chapter of the book is written so that it can be used as a desktop reference, or it can be read from beginning to end, allowing you to build a solid foundation for building scripts in your Exchange environment.

This Cookbook is for messaging professionals who want to learn how to build real-world scripts with Windows PowerShell 3 and the Exchange Management Shell.

Microsoft Office professional step by step. Teach yourself exactly what you need to know about using Office Professional one step at a time!

Covering Microsoft Word, PowerPoint, Outlook, Excel, Access, Publisher, and OneNote, this book will help you learn the core features and capabilities needed to: Create attractive documents, publications, and spreadsheetsManage your e-mail, calendar, meetings, and communicationsPut your business data to workDevelop and deliver great presentationsOrganize your ideas and notes in one placeConnect, share, and accom.

With this crucial resource, you will explore how this newest release serves as a powerful tool for performing extraction, transformation, and load operations ETL. A team of SQL Server experts deciphers this complex topic and provides detailed coverage of the new features of the product release. In addition to technical updates and additions, the authors present you with a new set of SISS b.

Step by Step Microsoft Office Visio Experience learning made easy-and quickly teach yourself how to use Visio , the Microsoft Office business and technical diagramming program. Either way, you drive the instruction-building and practicing the skills you need, just when you need them!

This case study examines efforts by Microsoft Corporation to enhance the diversity of its workforce and improve the accessibility and usability of its products and services for persons with disabilities. The research explores the relation among the Americans with Disabilities Act of , corporate leadership, attitudes and behaviors towards individuals with disabilities, and dynamics that shape organizational culture at Microsoft.

Implications for Microsoft , other employers, researchers, and the disability community are discussed. Dixon, Mark R. Microsoft Windows 7: A survey of its awareness and the likely This will result in the upsurge of new system procurements in the next five years. Keywords: Microsoft , windows 7, computers, windows XP, windows vista, operating systems. International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 6 2 : , Got a call from " Microsoft "?

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Although the monitoring of the performance of the Linux computers and their processes was available since the first versions of the tool, it is only recently that the software package has been extended to provide similar functionality for the nodes running Microsoft Windows as this platform is the most commonly used in the LHC detector control systems. In this paper, the architecture and the functionality of the Windows Management Instrumentation WMI client developed to provide centralized monitoring of the nodes running different flavour of the Microsoft platform, as well as the interface to the SCADA software of the control systems are presented.

The tool is currently being commissioned by the Experiments and it has already proven to be very efficient optimize the running systems and to detect misbehaving processes or nodes.

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling using microsoft excel and visual basic for applications. Abstract Physiologically based pharmacokinetic PBPK models are mathematical descriptions depicting the relationship between external exposure and internal dose.

These models have found great utility for interspecies extrapolation. However, specialized computer software packages, which are not widely distributed, have typically been used for model development and utilization.

A few physiological models have been reported using more widely available software packages e. These differences are likely attributable to different step sizes rather than different numerical integration techniques. These results indicate that Microsoft Excel and VBA can be useful tools for utilizing PBPK models, and given the availability of these software programs, it is hoped that this effort will help facilitate the use and investigation of PBPK modeling.

Microsoft Dynamics AX R2 services. This book is a tutorial guide that covers each topic in depth with examples. The step-by-step approach will help you better understand each task as you will have to perform them frequently when utilizing the services.

If you are a Dynamics AX developer, new or experienced who wants to implement services with Microsoft Dynamics AX , then this book is for you. Some examples use C and. NET, so experience with Visual Studio is a plus but not a must. Preparing data for analysis using microsoft Excel. A critical component essential to good research is the accurate and efficient collection and preparation of data for analysis. Most medical researchers have little or no training in data management, often causing not only excessive time spent cleaning data but also a risk that the data set contains collection or recording errors.

Because Microsoft Excel is often used by researchers to collect data, specific techniques that can be implemented in Excel are presented. Database models developed by a team of leading Microsoft Access MVPs that provide ready-to-use solutions for sales, marketing, customer management and other key business activities for most small businesses.

As the most popular relational database in the world, Microsoft Access is widely used by small business owners. This book responds to the growing need for resources that help business managers and end users design and build effective Access database solutions for specific business functions. Self-scheduling with Microsoft Excel. Excessive time was being spent by the emergency department ED staff, head nurse, and unit secretary on a complex 6-week manual self-scheduling system.

This issue, plus inevitable errors and staff dissatisfaction, resulted in a manager-lead initiative to automate elements of the scheduling process using Microsoft Excel. The implementation of this initiative included: common coding of all 8-hour and hour shifts, with each 4-hour period represented by a cell; the creation of a 6-week master schedule using the "count-if" function of Excel based on current staffing guidelines; staff time-off requests then entered by the department secretary; the head nurse, with staff input, then fine-tuned the schedule to provide even unit coverage.

Outcomes of these changes included an increase in staff satisfaction, time saved by the head nurse, and staff work time saved because there was less arguing about the schedule.

Ultimately, the automated self-scheduling method was expanded to the entire bed hospital. This review describes and evaluates a software add-in created by Frontline Systems, Inc.

The combination of Microsoft Excel with the Frontline Systems Premium Solver Platform is significant because Microsoft Excel is the most commonly used spreadsheet…. Emerging technologies and corporate culture at Microsoft : a methodological note. This article explores factors important in the study and examination of corporate culture and change.

The particular focus is on the technological methods used to conduct a study of accessible technology and corporate culture at Microsoft Corporation. Reasons for particular approaches are explained. Advantages and challenges of emerging technologies that store and retrieve information in the study of corporate culture are reviewed. Use of Microsoft HoloLens to survey and visualize buried networks. Survey and positioning of buried infrastructure networks are crucial issues for their maintenance and a starting point for every new Civil Engineering project.

Benchmarking strategies are needed to promote the appropriate use of antibiotics. We have adapted a simple regressive method in Microsoft Excel that is easily implementable and creates predictive indices.

This method trends consumption over time and can identify periods of over- and underuse at the hospital level. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol ; The course programme will include the description of the objects of an Access database, and how to work with Access, creating and using queries, tables, forms and reports.

The first scheduled session of this two-day course on Microsoft Access will take place on March , The number of participants to each session is limited to The course will be in English, with an English-French bilingual instructor. The course fee is The cost of the optional ECDL certification, that will take place at a subsequent date, is Full Text Available The role of knowledge in an effort to developing and maintaining an organization has been strong regarded as a very important asset.

Bina Nusantara is an organization that puts the human resources and paperwork as the main resource to perform maintenance on existing Knowledge. The problems that occur in Bina Nusantara is the high turnover rate leads to knowledge walkout. The purpose of this study is to design and implement features of Knowledge Management System KMS in Bina Nusantara organization specifically to facilitate knowledge capture, knowledge sharing, and document knowledge to nurture the development of knowledge that occurs in the environment Bina Nusantara.

KMS is expected to prevent the knowledge walkout that due to the high turnover rate at Bina Nusantara. The methodology used in this study is the use of literature study and application design for KMS using Microsoft SharePoint technology. The conclusion of this study is to take advantage of features available in Microsoft SharePoint as a KMS media at Bina Nusantara become more optimal and easy Knowledge document search.

In summer , Microsoft launched a new generation of Kinect on the market, based on time-of-flight technology. This paper proposes a calibration of Kinect for Xbox One imaging sensors, focusing on the depth camera. The mathematical model that describes the error committed by the sensor as a function of the distance between the sensor itself and the object has been estimated.

All the analyses presented here have been conducted for both generations of Kinect, in order to quantify the improvements that characterize every single imaging sensor. Experimental results show that the quality of the delivered model improved applying the proposed calibration procedure, which is applicable to both point clouds and the mesh model created with the Microsoft Fusion Libraries. Full Text Available In recent years, the videogame industry has been characterized by a great boost in gesture recognition and motion tracking, following the increasing request of creating immersive game experiences.

The kinematics analysis is the study of the relationship between the individual joints of robot manipulator, the position and orientation of the end-effector.

The Denavit-Hartenberg DH model is used to model the robot links and joints. Both forward and inverse kinematic are presented. The simulation software has been developed by using Microsoft visual studio to solve the robot arms kinematic behavior. With the spread of total intravenous anesthesia, clinical pharmacology has become more important.

We report Microsoft Excel file applying three compartment model and response surface model to clinical anesthesia. On the Microsoft Excel sheet, propofol, remifentanil and fentanyl effect-site concentrations are predicted three compartment model , and probabilities of no response to prodding, shaking, surrogates of painful stimuli and laryngoscopy are calculated using predicted effect-site drug concentration.

Time-dependent changes in these calculated values are shown graphically. Recent development in anesthetic drug interaction studies are remarkable, and its application to clinical anesthesia with this Excel file is simple and helpful for clinical anesthesia. Study the feasibility of using Microsoft KinectR for radiotherapy applications. V delu diplomskega projekta smo predstavili podjetji Microsoft in S Microsoft C.

NET program and electromagnetic depth sounding for large loop source. A program, in the C C Sharp language with Microsoft. NET Framework, is developed to compute the normalized vertical magnetic field of a horizontal rectangular loop source placed on the surface of an n-layered earth. The field can be calculated either inside or outside the loop.

Five C classes with member functions in each class are, designed to compute the kernel, Hankel transform integral, coefficients for cubic spline interpolation between computed values and the normalized vertical magnetic field. The program computes the vertical magnetic field in the frequency domain using the integral expressions evaluated by a combination of straightforward numerical integration and the digital filter technique. The code utilizes different object-oriented programming OOP features.

It finally computes the amplitude and phase of the normalized vertical magnetic field. The computed results are presented for geometric and parametric soundings. The code is developed in Microsoft. NET visual studio and uses various system class libraries. Esietendus Full Text Available Abstract - In the cooperation with the City of Rijeka, the project of analysis of the functional and security situation of information infrastructure has been initiated in 24 schools in the authority of the city.

Having completed the multicriteria analysis of the collected data, we have built a model of implementing Microsoft service technologies. The implementation should satisfy the elementary security principles that are required by the security standards today, maximizing functionality of infrastructure and minimizing network administration tasks.

Experience learning made easy-and quickly teach yourself how to create professional-looking business and technical diagrams with Visio With Step By Step, you set the pace-building and practicing the skills you need, just when you need them! Build organization charts, floor plans, and other diagramsAdd color, text, and other effectsConnect shapes and create effective flowchartsVisualize and analyze data with new PivotDiagramsInsert and modify diagrams in other Microsoft Office documentsCreate your own shapes and templates and build custom diagrams Your all-in-one learning experience in.

However, this program is not always friendly to the graphing conventions used by behavior analysts. For example, adding phase change lines has typically been a cumbersome process involving the insertion of line objects that do not move when new data is added to a graph.

The purpose of this article is to describe a novel way to add phase change lines that move when new data is added and when graphs are resized. Scientific writing is about cellular phone information, equipment and also card mobile phone users by using Microsoft Visual Basic 6. The making of this application is intended to facilitate notification of everything on your mobile phone which is still classified as manual. Therefore, this writing is made to computerize work that is in a mobile phone store that can provide services more easily to the buyers.

The author of this work analyzes possibility to use standard application development techniques for creating process visualization systems. Adoption of this method can result in visualization systems creation and support cost reduction. New system would allow achieving better graphics quality, expandability and lower integration complexity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of integrating Microsoft Excel into a high school algebra class.

The results indicate a slight increase in student achievement when Excel was used. A teacher-created final exam and two Criterion Referenced Tests measured success. One of the Criterion Referenced Tests indicated that the…. Microsoft had dominance in the first two markets. Microsoft was found to have been engaged in two abuses. First, Microsoft refused to offer interoperability information to its competitors in the work group server operating systems market.

This Article has analysed the significant flaws of the reasoning adopted by the Court in the Microsoft judgment. No clear causal link exists between the refusal of Microsoft and elimination of effective competition on the relevant market. The Court should have, at very least, looked at the market shares that Microsoft had gained, if any, during the years prior to March Interactive modules for Data Exploration and Visualization imDEV is a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet embedded application providing an integrated environment for the analysis of omics data through a user-friendly interface.

Individual modules enables interactive and dynamic analyses of large data by interfacing R's multivariate statistics and highly customizable visualizations with the spreadsheet environment, aiding robust inferences and generating information-rich data visualizations. This tool provides access to multiple comparisons with false discovery correction, hierarchical clustering, principal and independent component analyses, partial least squares regression and discriminant analysis, through an intuitive interface for creating high-quality two- and a three-dimensional visualizations including scatter plot matrices, distribution plots, dendrograms, heat maps, biplots, trellis biplots and correlation networks.

In this article, the degrees of freedom of the sample variance are simulated by using the Visual Basic for Applications of Microsoft Excel The simulation file dynamically displays why the sample variance should be calculated by dividing the sum of squared deviations by n-1 rather than n, which is helpful for students to grasp the meaning of…. The purpose of this information system is to assist these teams in the management of their producing oil and gas fields.

This is accomplished by providing: 1 centralized data storage for a variety of data, such as well, production, engineering and geologic in various forms, including raw, interpreted and derived, 2 customized analysis, planning and reporting tools, such as reservoir performance summaries and dynamic field management plans, and 3 the capability to easily exchange data with a variety of engineering and geoscience analytical software. The resultant application is not just a database, but rather, a field management information system.

This official Study Guide is designed to help you practice and prepare for MOS Exam OneNote , and features: Full objective-by-objective coverageProcedures and hands-on practice tasksReady-made, downloadable practice filesExam-discount offer from Certiport Use the in-depth exam prep, practice, and review to help advance your proficiency with OneNote and earn the credential that proves it!

Design and management of database using microsoft access program: application in neurointerventional unit. Complex clinical information in cerebral angiointervention unit requires effective management of statistical analysis for the classification of diagnosis and intervention including follow-up data from the interventional treatment.

Since January , patient information from cerebral angiointervention was managed by a database with over patients. Patient data, follow-up data and information regarding diagnosis and intervention were established in the Form section, related by serial number, and connected to each other to an independent Table. Problems in running the program were corrected by establishing Entity Relationship ER diagnosis of Tables to define relationships between Tables.

Convenient Queries, Forms and Reports were created to display expected information were applied from selected Tables. The relationship program which incorporated six items conveniently provided the number of cases per year, incidence of disease, lesion site, and case analysis based on interventional treatment. We were able to follow the patients after the interventional procedures by creating queries and reports.

Lists of disease and patients files were identified easily each time by the Macro function. In addition, product names, size and characteristics of materials used were indexed and easily available. Microsoft Access program is effective in the management of patient data in cerebral angiointervention unit. Simulation of complex pharmacokinetic models in Microsoft Excel. With the arrival of powerful personal computers in the office numerical methods are accessible to everybody.

Simulation of complex processes therefore has become an indispensible tool in research and education. The software is designed as an add-in aiming at a minimum of required user input to perform a given task. Four examples are included to demonstrate both, the simplicity of use and the versatility of possible applications. While the layout of the program is admittedly geared to the needs of pharmacokineticists, it can be used in any field where sets of differential equations are involved.

The software package is available upon request. Microsoft Windows Sharepoint Services 3. Experience learning made easy-and quickly teach yourself how to use Windows SharePoint Services to enable effective team collaboration. Build your own SharePoint site with easy-to-use templatesCreate lists and libraries to store informationAdd discussion boards, wikis, and blogsSet up Document and Meeting Workspaces for easy collaborationShare calendars, contacts, and data from Microsoft Office programsCustomize your pages with Web Parts Your all-in-one learning experience includes: Fi.

Despite their technological savvy, most students entering university lack the necessary computer skills to succeed in a quantitative analysis course, in which they are often expected to input, analyze, and plot results of experiments without any previous formal education in Microsoft Excel or similar programs. This lack of formal education results…. The paper introduces the Microsoft Kinect device, briefly describing how it works the underlying technology by PrimeSense, as well as its market uptake and application potential beyond its original intended purpose as a home entertainment and video game controller.

Compressed zipped archive containing Kinoogle's installation package for Microsoft Windows operating systems. Click here for file Additional file 2 Installation package for Kinoogle part 2. Full Text Available Oscillating reactions are one of the most interesting topics in chemistry and analytical chemistry. Fluctuations in concentrations of one the reacting species usually a reaction intermediate create an oscillating chemical reaction.

In oscillating systems, the reaction is far from thermodynamic equilibrium. In these systems, at least one autocatalytic step is required. Developing an instinctive feeling for how oscillating reactions work will be invaluable to future generations of chemists. Some software programs have been released for simulating oscillating systems; however, the algorithm details of such software are not transparent to chemists.

In contrast, function of spreadsheet tools, like Microsoft Excel, is well understood, and the software is nearly universally available. In this work, the simulation and visualization of different oscillating systems are performed using Microsoft excel. This permits the simulation of some oscillating systems such asBelousov-Zhabotinsky. The versatility of an easily understandable computational platform further enables the simulation of the effects of linear and nonlinear parameters such as concentrations of reactants and catalyst, and kinetic constants.

These parameters are readily changed to examine their effects. A Laboratory Information Management System LIMS is a databasing software with many built-in tools ideal for handling and documenting most laboratory processes in an accurate and consistent manner, making it an indispensable tool for the modern laboratory. However, a lot of LIMS end users will find that in the performance of analyses that have unique considerations such as standard curves, multiple stages incubations, or logical considerations, a base LIMS distribution may not ideally suit their needs.

The LIMS utilized by our laboratory offers a unique and easy-to-use choice for an extension language, one that is already heavily relied upon not only in science but also in most academic and business pursuits: Microsoft Excel. The validity of Microsoft Excel as a pseudo programming language and its usability and versatility as a LIMS extension language will be discussed. Interactive modules for data exploration and visualization imDEV is a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet embedded application providing an integrated environment for the analysis of omics data sets with a user-friendly interface.

Individual modules were designed to provide toolsets to enable interactive The suite includes the latest versions of Word, Excel, Outlook, PowerPoint, and Skype for Business, along with cloud-based capabilities. These cloud-based capabilities will help meet the federal mandates that. The effectiveness of Microsoft Project in assessing extension of time under PAM standard form of contract. Time is equal to money; and it is applies in the construction industry where time is very important.

Most of the standard form of contracts provide contractual clauses to ascertain time and money related to the scenarios while Extension of Time EOT is one of them.

Under circumstance and delays, contractor is allow to apply EOT in order to complete the works on a later completion date without Liquidated Damages LD imposed to the claimant. However, both claimants and assessors encountered problems in assessing the EOT. The aim of this research is to recommend the usage of Microsoft Project as a tool in assessing EOT associated with the standard form of contract, PAM A quantitative method is applied towards the respondents that consisted of architects and quantity surveyors QS in order to collect data on challenges in assessing EOT claims and the effectiveness of Microsoft Project as a tool.

The finding of this research highlighted that Microsoft Project can serve as a basis to perform EOT tasks as this software can be used as a data bank to store handy information which crucial for preparing and evaluating EOT.

You should have a solid grasp of working with SharePoint and PowerShell respectively. The military health system's personal health record pilot with Microsoft HealthVault and Google Health. The project design and implementation were guided by provider and patient advisory panels with formal user evaluation. The pilot project included beneficiary users. Approximately Key lessons learned related to data-transfer decisions push vs pull , purposeful delays in reporting sensitive information, understanding and mapping PHR use and clinical workflow, and decisions on information patients may choose to share with their provider.

Currently PHRs are being viewed as empowering tools for patient activation. Design and implementation issues eg, technical, organizational, information security are substantial and must be thoughtfully approached. Adopting standards into design can enhance the national goal of portability and interoperability. Precise descriptions and instructions enable users, students and consultants to understand MS Dynamics AX rapidly.

However, these indirect methods may be affected by some factors known to influence the energy expenditure, including age and gender [ 1 ].

In addition, these methods cannot distinguish contributions of aerobic and anaerobic systems to the total amount of energy expenditure. In turn, measurements of and lactate accumulation have been employed as one of the main methods to estimate energy system contribution during exercise [ 2 , 8 , 9 ].

This method has the additional advantage of enabling the establishment of energetic profiles in a large variety of non-laboratorial-based tests [ 13 , 14 , 15 ].

A recent review by Hall et al. These authors highlighted that the use of the metric units familiar to the scientific community e. Kcal or liters of O 2. Thus, it is possible that GEDAE-LaB serves a larger number of professionals by precisely calculating energy profile during exercise, expressing results using different metric units. It is well recognized that during continuous exercises the ATP is resynthesized by aerobic and anaerobic systems in order to maintain a required power output [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].

These estimates are in accordance with other investigations using the same method, but were performed in commercial software. For instance, Bertuzzi et al. In addition, no statistical difference was observed in energy system contributions and total energy expenditure as determined by GEDAE-LaB and commercial software. It is important to note, however, that calculations of that study were performed using a software package not designed to estimate energy contribution, so different and complementary software packages were necessary e.

Excel in order to conclude all analyses. It is also important to notice that previous studies have reported limitations regarding the use of [La - ] and the fast component of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption to estimate anaerobic systems contribution.

Gladden [ 26 ] indicated that O 2 availability is only one of several interacting factors that cause the increase in blood lactate during exercise, whereas McMahon and Jenkins [ 27 ] suggested that more studies were necessary to elucidate the most dominant components governing the PCr resynthesis following muscular contraction.

Nevertheless, it is important to recognize that the inexistence of a method universally accepted for measurement of anaerobic system during exercise, especially in non-laboratory tests, is still an unsolved problem. In order to analyze a possible impact of the recovery time on AL MET calculations, the AL MET was estimated using the data of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption for 6, 8, and 10 min of the recovery.

The results of the present study revealed there were no statistical differences in the calculation of the AL MET using different times of recovery for both exercise domains Table 2. These data suggest that to measure the O 2 recovery during the first 6 min would be sufficient to determine the AL MET.

This is in agreement with previous studies that suggested that the resynthesis of high-energy phosphate stores is completely restored during the first 2—3 min of recovery in both human [ 11 ] and animals [ 28 ]. It is believed the responses of the phosphocreatine and O 2 during the recovery are temporally similar because the resynthesis of high-energy phosphate in the skeletal muscle is influenced by O 2 availability [ 10 , 29 ].

GEDAE-LaB was intentionally designed in an easy-to-use concept to provide an intuitive interface between users and software. However, before using a new tool to calculate the energy expenditure, it is important to determine the intra-investigator variation. Intra-investigator reliability determines the degree of agreement among investigators and it is often statistically determined using ICC [ 30 ].

It has been suggested that when the ICC is used, values between 0. Considering that investigators with different experience levels used the GEDAE-LaB, these findings suggest that investigators had little difficulty in understanding the necessary procedures for the correct functioning of the software, regardless their familiarization with procedures.

Therefore, GEDAE-LaB can be considered easy to use and understand by those minimally familiarized with procedures adopted for energy expenditure calculations. It is important to acknowledge some limitations of the present study.

First, it has been widely reported in literature that blood lactate concentration measured during exercise represents a balance between lactate production and clearance [ 3 , 4 ].

This suggests that the anaerobic lactic contribution determined by O 2 equivalent from [La - ] could be influenced by lactate clearance. In addition, the O 2 equivalent from [La - ] used in present study does not represent the exact stoichiometric relationship between lactate formation and ATP resynthesis.

As a result, other O 2 equivalents from [La - ] e. Therefore, the comparison of the anaerobic lactic contribution determined with different energy equivalents must be performed with caution. Third, physiological data must be inputted using English decimal separator, while duration time of O 2 measurement during both exercise and recovery must be inputted as hh:mm:ss or seconds s.

Perhaps future users will find it necessary to format their personal computers in order for outputted data have this configuration. This could help to remove some financial barriers of conducting research in the energy expenditure field. In addition, given that calculations may be directly performed by importing output data from metabolic systems into spreadsheets of GEDAE-LaB, it can be considered more efficient than existing software, because it eliminates the lengthy and costly steps of the data processing.

At least to our knowledge, this feature is not available in any other software package. Lastly, a future advantage is that such GEDAE-LaB is open-source software and in the future other mathematical functions traditionally used to determine physiological i. In conclusion, considering that energy expenditure induced by exercise may guide interventions that promote health maintenance and athletic performance improvement, we introduced GEDAE-LaB as free and easy-operating software specifically developed to calculate energetic profile during exercise.

Our findings suggest that GEDAE-LaB is an easily understood software for users minimally familiarized with procedures used for energy expenditure calculations. In addition, due to the open nature of the software, future studies could contribute for GEDAE-LaB expansion by the addition of new mathematical functions related to exercise physiology.

Browse Subject Areas? Click through the PLOS taxonomy to find articles in your field. Abstract Purpose The aim of the current study is to describe the functionality of free software developed for energy system contributions and energy expenditure calculation during exercise, namely GEDAE-LaB.

Conclusion These findings suggest that GEDAE-LaB is a free software easily comprehended by users minimally familiarized with adopted procedures for calculations of energetic profile using oxygen uptake and lactate accumulation during exercise. Introduction The establishment of the amount of energy expenditure during exercise has been considered of key importance for strategy development aiming at both health [ 1 ] and athletic performance [ 2 ] improvement.

Materials and Methods Participants Eleven male students of physical education age Experimental design The participants visited the laboratory on three separate occasions. Maximal cycling incremental test The maximal incremental exercise test was carried out on an electromagnetically braked cycle ergometer Ergo Fit , Pirmansens, Germany. Cycling workload-constant tests The same cycle ergometer and gas analyzer used in the maximal incremental test were used during the workload-constant tests.

Physiological measurements Gas exchanges were measured breath-by-breath using a gas analyzer calibrated according to manufacturer recommendations Cortex Metalyzer 3B, Cortex Biophysik, Leipzig, Germany. Calculations of the energy expenditure The first template of GEDAE-LaB contains brief information about the software, followed by a second template where the users choose which energy system they wish to calculate.

Results Physiological and mechanical parameters measured during maximal incremental exercise test are shown in Table 1. Download: PPT. Table 1. Fig 1. Table 2. Calculation of the anaerobic alactic system contribution during moderate and severe domains using different times of recovery. Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Discussion The estimate of energy expenditure is useful for the evaluation of acute and chronic effects of exercise in athletic performance and daily life.

References 1. Activity-related energy expenditure in older adults: a call for more research. Med Sci Sports Exerc. Scott CB. Contribution of blood lactate to the energy expenditure of weight training. J Strength Cond Res. Green S. Measurement of anaerobic work capacities in humans. Sports Med. Standard anaerobic exercise tests.

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Microsoft excel 2016 comprehensive (w/elab access code) free

Excel is easy to use, powerful, and versatile, and it requires the least proficiency in computer programming compared to other programming platforms. Excel, however, has several weaknesses: it does not directly support loops for iterative…. Study the feasibility of using Microsoft Kinect R for radiotherapy applications; Estudio de la viabilidad del uso de Microsoft Kinetic en aplicaciones para radioterapia. In this paper, we study the possibility of using Kinect for Xbox R developed by Microsoft for help in positioning patients for radiotherapy.

KinectR is considered to be appropriate for this purpose if I could shoot 3D objects covering at least the volume occupied by one person and have sufficient accuracy in determining distances.

Validity of the Microsoft Kinect for measurement of neck angle: comparison with electrogoniometry. Considering the importance of evaluating working postures, many techniques and tools have been developed to identify and eliminate awkward postures and prevent musculoskeletal disorders MSDs. The introduction of the Microsoft Kinect sensor, which is a low-cost, easy to set up and markerless motion capture system, offers promising possibilities for postural studies.

Considering the Kinect's special ability in head-pose and facial-expression tracking and complexity of cervical spine movements, this study aimed to assess concurrent validity of the Microsoft Kinect against an electrogoniometer for neck angle measurements. A special software program was developed to calculate the neck angle based on Kinect skeleton tracking data.

Neck angles were measured simultaneously by electrogoniometer and the developed software program in 10 volunteers. The results were recorded in degrees and the time required for each method was also measured. The Kinect's ability to identify body joints was reliable and precise. Kinect-based measurement was much faster and required less equipment, but accurate measurement with Microsoft Kinect was only possible if the participant was in its field of view.

Getting started with Microsoft Lync server This book has a practical approach with a lot of step-by-step guides and explanations as to where and why we're doing the various operations. Getting Started with Microsoft Lync Server is a starting point for system administrators, IT pros, unified communication technicians, and decision makers in companies or in the consultancy business. For people who have never managed Lync or a U.

If you are already managing a Lync deployment you will find important explanations and ideas put together in a single text. If you. Microsoft Exchange Server PowerShell cookbook.

This book is written in a Cookbook-style format and provides practical, immediately usable task-based recipes that show you how to manage and maintain your Microsoft Exchange Server environment with Windows PowerShell 3.

This Cookbook is for messaging professionals who want to learn how to build real-world scripts with Windows PowerShell 3 and the Exchange Management Shell. Microsoft Office professional step by step.

Teach yourself exactly what you need to know about using Office Professional one step at a time! Covering Microsoft Word, PowerPoint, Outlook, Excel, Access, Publisher, and OneNote, this book will help you learn the core features and capabilities needed to: Create attractive documents, publications, and spreadsheetsManage your e-mail, calendar, meetings, and communicationsPut your business data to workDevelop and deliver great presentationsOrganize your ideas and notes in one placeConnect, share, and accom.

Produce computer network diagrams, organization charts, floor plans, and moreUse templates to create new diagrams and drawings quicklyAdd text, color, and 1-D and 2-D shapesInsert graphics and pictures, such as company logosConnect shapes to create a basic f. The quest to make accessibility a corporate article of faith at Microsoft : case study of corporate culture and human resource dimensions. This case study examines efforts by Microsoft Corporation to enhance the diversity of its workforce and improve the accessibility and usability of its products and services for persons with disabilities.

The research explores the relation among the Americans with Disabilities Act of , corporate leadership, attitudes and behaviors towards individuals with disabilities, and dynamics that shape organizational culture at Microsoft.

Thus, recall that the real Microsoft will never call you — and definite A quick response to abnormal situations of the computer infrastructure is crucial to maximize the physics usage. For this reason, a tool was developed to supervise, identify errors and troubleshoot such a large system. Although the monitoring of the performance of the Linux computers and their processes was available since the first versions of the tool, it is only recently that the software package has been extended to provide similar functionality for the nodes running Microsoft Windows as this platform is the most commonly used in the LHC detector control systems.

In this paper, the architecture and the functionality of the Windows Management Instrumentation WMI client developed to provide centralized monitoring of the nodes running different flavour of the Microsoft platform, as well as the interface to the SCADA software of the control systems are presented.

The tool is currently being commissioned by the Experiments and it has already proven to be very efficient optimize the running systems and to detect misbehaving processes or nodes.

These results indicate that Microsoft Excel and VBA can be useful tools for utilizing PBPK models, and given the availability of these software programs, it is hoped that this effort will help facilitate the use and investigation of PBPK modeling. Microsoft Dynamics AX R2 services. This book is a tutorial guide that covers each topic in depth with examples. The step-by-step approach will help you better understand each task as you will have to perform them frequently when utilizing the services.

A critical component essential to good research is the accurate and efficient collection and preparation of data for analysis. Most medical researchers have little or no training in data management, often causing not only excessive time spent cleaning data but also a risk that the data set contains collection or recording errors.

The implementation of simple guidelines based on techniques used by professional data management teams will save researchers time and money and result in a data set better suited to answer research questions. Because Microsoft Excel is often used by researchers to collect data, specific techniques that can be implemented in Excel are presented.

Database models developed by a team of leading Microsoft Access MVPs that provide ready-to-use solutions for sales, marketing, customer management and other key business activities for most small businesses. As the most popular relational database in the world, Microsoft Access is widely used by small business owners. This book responds to the growing need for resources that help business managers and end users design and build effective Access database solutions for specific business functions.

Self-scheduling with Microsoft Excel. Excessive time was being spent by the emergency department ED staff, head nurse, and unit secretary on a complex 6-week manual self-scheduling system. This issue, plus inevitable errors and staff dissatisfaction, resulted in a manager-lead initiative to automate elements of the scheduling process using Microsoft Excel.

The implementation of this initiative included: common coding of all 8-hour and hour shifts, with each 4-hour period represented by a cell; the creation of a 6-week master schedule using the "count-if" function of Excel based on current staffing guidelines; staff time-off requests then entered by the department secretary; the head nurse, with staff input, then fine-tuned the schedule to provide even unit coverage.

Outcomes of these changes included an increase in staff satisfaction, time saved by the head nurse, and staff work time saved because there was less arguing about the schedule. Ultimately, the automated self-scheduling method was expanded to the entire bed hospital. This review describes and evaluates a software add-in created by Frontline Systems, Inc. The combination of Microsoft Excel with the Frontline Systems Premium Solver Platform is significant because Microsoft Excel is the most commonly used spreadsheet….

Emerging technologies and corporate culture at Microsoft : a methodological note. This article explores factors important in the study and examination of corporate culture and change. The particular focus is on the technological methods used to conduct a study of accessible technology and corporate culture at Microsoft Corporation. Reasons for particular approaches are explained. Advantages and challenges of emerging technologies that store and retrieve information in the study of corporate culture are reviewed.

Use of Microsoft HoloLens to survey and visualize buried networks. Survey and positioning of buried infrastructure networks are crucial issues for their maintenance and a starting point for every new Civil Engineering project. Benchmarking strategies are needed to promote the appropriate use of antibiotics.

We have adapted a simple regressive method in Microsoft Excel that is easily implementable and creates predictive indices. This method trends consumption over time and can identify periods of over- and underuse at the hospital level. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol ; The course programme will include the description of the objects of an Access database, and how to work with Access, creating and using queries, tables, forms and reports. The first scheduled session of this two-day course on Microsoft Access will take place on March , The number of participants to each session is limited to The course will be in English, with an English-French bilingual instructor.

The course fee is The cost of the optional ECDL certification, that will take place at a subsequent date, is Full Text Available The role of knowledge in an effort to developing and maintaining an organization has been strong regarded as a very important asset. Bina Nusantara is an organization that puts the human resources and paperwork as the main resource to perform maintenance on existing Knowledge.

The problems that occur in Bina Nusantara is the high turnover rate leads to knowledge walkout. The purpose of this study is to design and implement features of Knowledge Management System KMS in Bina Nusantara organization specifically to facilitate knowledge capture, knowledge sharing, and document knowledge to nurture the development of knowledge that occurs in the environment Bina Nusantara. KMS is expected to prevent the knowledge walkout that due to the high turnover rate at Bina Nusantara.

The methodology used in this study is the use of literature study and application design for KMS using Microsoft SharePoint technology. The conclusion of this study is to take advantage of features available in Microsoft SharePoint as a KMS media at Bina Nusantara become more optimal and easy Knowledge document search. In summer , Microsoft launched a new generation of Kinect on the market, based on time-of-flight technology. This paper proposes a calibration of Kinect for Xbox One imaging sensors, focusing on the depth camera.

The mathematical model that describes the error committed by the sensor as a function of the distance between the sensor itself and the object has been estimated. All the analyses presented here have been conducted for both generations of Kinect, in order to quantify the improvements that characterize every single imaging sensor. Experimental results show that the quality of the delivered model improved applying the proposed calibration procedure, which is applicable to both point clouds and the mesh model created with the Microsoft Fusion Libraries.

Full Text Available In recent years, the videogame industry has been characterized by a great boost in gesture recognition and motion tracking, following the increasing request of creating immersive game experiences. The kinematics analysis is the study of the relationship between the individual joints of robot manipulator, the position and orientation of the end-effector.

With the spread of total intravenous anesthesia, clinical pharmacology has become more important. We report Microsoft Excel file applying three compartment model and response surface model to clinical anesthesia. On the Microsoft Excel sheet, propofol, remifentanil and fentanyl effect-site concentrations are predicted three compartment model , and probabilities of no response to prodding, shaking, surrogates of painful stimuli and laryngoscopy are calculated using predicted effect-site drug concentration.

V delu diplomskega projekta smo predstavili podjetji Microsoft in S Microsoft C. NET program and electromagnetic depth sounding for large loop source.

A program, in the C C Sharp language with Microsoft. NET Framework, is developed to compute the normalized vertical magnetic field of a horizontal rectangular loop source placed on the surface of an n-layered earth. The field can be calculated either inside or outside the loop. Five C classes with member functions in each class are, designed to compute the kernel, Hankel transform integral, coefficients for cubic spline interpolation between computed values and the normalized vertical magnetic field.

The program computes the vertical magnetic field in the frequency domain using the integral expressions evaluated by a combination of straightforward numerical integration and the digital filter technique. The code utilizes different object-oriented programming OOP features.

It finally computes the amplitude and phase of the normalized vertical magnetic field. The computed results are presented for geometric and parametric soundings. The code is developed in Microsoft.

NET visual studio and uses various system class libraries. Esietendus Full Text Available Abstract - In the cooperation with the City of Rijeka, the project of analysis of the functional and security situation of information infrastructure has been initiated in 24 schools in the authority of the city. Having completed the multicriteria analysis of the collected data, we have built a model of implementing Microsoft service technologies. The implementation should satisfy the elementary security principles that are required by the security standards today, maximizing functionality of infrastructure and minimizing network administration tasks.

The making of this application is intended to facilitate notification of everything on your mobile phone which is still classified as manual. Therefore, this writing is made to computerize work that is in a mobile phone store that can provide services more easily to the buyers. The author of this work analyzes possibility to use standard application development techniques for creating process visualization systems.

Adoption of this method can result in visualization systems creation and support cost reduction. New system would allow achieving better graphics quality, expandability and lower integration complexity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of integrating Microsoft Excel into a high school algebra class. The results indicate a slight increase in student achievement when Excel was used. A teacher-created final exam and two Criterion Referenced Tests measured success.

One of the Criterion Referenced Tests indicated that the…. Microsoft had dominance in the first two markets. Microsoft was found to have been engaged in two abuses. First, Microsoft refused to offer interoperability information to its competitors in the work group server operating systems market. This Article has analysed the significant flaws of the reasoning adopted by the Court in the Microsoft judgment.

No clear causal link exists between the refusal of Microsoft and elimination of effective competition on the relevant market. The Court should have, at very least, looked at the market shares that Microsoft had gained, if any, during the years prior to March Interactive modules for Data Exploration and Visualization imDEV is a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet embedded application providing an integrated environment for the analysis of omics data through a user-friendly interface.

The resultant application is not just a database, but rather, a field management information system. This official Study Guide is designed to help you practice and prepare for MOS Exam OneNote , and features: Full objective-by-objective coverageProcedures and hands-on practice tasksReady-made, downloadable practice filesExam-discount offer from Certiport Use the in-depth exam prep, practice, and review to help advance your proficiency with OneNote and earn the credential that proves it!

We present an application of Microsoft Access program for the management of patient data in cerebral angiointervention unit which suggests practical methods in recording and analyzing the patient data. Since January , patient information from cerebral angiointervention was managed by a database with over patients.

Patient data, follow-up data and information regarding diagnosis and intervention were established in the Form section, related by serial number, and connected to each other to an independent Table. Problems in running the program were corrected by establishing Entity Relationship ER diagnosis of Tables to define relationships between Tables. Convenient Queries, Forms and Reports were created to display expected information were applied from selected Tables.

The relationship program which incorporated six items conveniently provided the number of cases per year, incidence of disease, lesion site, and case analysis based on interventional treatment. We were able to follow the patients after the interventional procedures by creating queries and reports.

With the arrival of powerful personal computers in the office numerical methods are accessible to everybody. Simulation of complex processes therefore has become an indispensible tool in research and education. The software is designed as an add-in aiming at a minimum of required user input to perform a given task. Four examples are included to demonstrate both, the simplicity of use and the versatility of possible applications.

While the layout of the program is admittedly geared to the needs of pharmacokineticists, it can be used in any field where sets of differential equations are involved.

This lack of formal education results…. The paper introduces the Microsoft Kinect device, briefly describing how it works the underlying technology by PrimeSense, as well as its market uptake and application potential beyond its original intended purpose as a home entertainment and video game controller.

The different software drivers available for connecting the Kinect device to a PC Personal Computer are also covered, and their comparative pros and cons briefly discussed. Additional file 1 Installation package for Kinoogle part 1 of 3. Compressed zipped archive containing Kinoogle's installation package for Microsoft Windows operating systems. Click here for file Additional file 2 Installation package for Kinoogle part 2.

Full Text Available Oscillating reactions are one of the most interesting topics in chemistry and analytical chemistry. Fluctuations in concentrations of one the reacting species usually a reaction intermediate create an oscillating chemical reaction. In oscillating systems, the reaction is far from thermodynamic equilibrium. In these systems, at least one autocatalytic step is required. Developing an instinctive feeling for how oscillating reactions work will be invaluable to future generations of chemists.

Some software programs have been released for simulating oscillating systems; however, the algorithm details of such software are not transparent to chemists. In contrast, function of spreadsheet tools, like Microsoft Excel, is well understood, and the software is nearly universally available.

In this work, the simulation and visualization of different oscillating systems are performed using Microsoft excel. This permits the simulation of some oscillating systems such asBelousov-Zhabotinsky. The versatility of an easily understandable computational platform further enables the simulation of the effects of linear and nonlinear parameters such as concentrations of reactants and catalyst, and kinetic constants.

However, a lot of LIMS end users will find that in the performance of analyses that have unique considerations such as standard curves, multiple stages incubations, or logical considerations, a base LIMS distribution may not ideally suit their needs.

These considerations bring about the need for extension languages, which can extend the functionality of a LIMS. While these languages do provide the implementation team the functionality required to accommodate these special laboratory analyses, they are usually too complex for the end user to modify to compensate for natural changes in laboratory operations. The LIMS utilized by our laboratory offers a unique and easy-to-use choice for an extension language, one that is already heavily relied upon not only in science but also in most academic and business pursuits: Microsoft Excel.

The validity of Microsoft Excel as a pseudo programming language and its usability and versatility as a LIMS extension language will be discussed. Interactive modules for data exploration and visualization imDEV is a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet embedded application providing an integrated environment for the analysis of omics data sets with a user-friendly interface. Individual modules were designed to provide toolsets to enable interactive The suite includes the latest versions of Word, Excel, Outlook, PowerPoint, and Skype for Business, along with cloud-based capabilities.

These cloud-based capabilities will help meet the federal mandates that. The effectiveness of Microsoft Project in assessing extension of time under PAM standard form of contract. Time is equal to money; and it is applies in the construction industry where time is very important. Most of the standard form of contracts provide contractual clauses to ascertain time and money related to the scenarios while Extension of Time EOT is one of them. Under circumstance and delays, contractor is allow to apply EOT in order to complete the works on a later completion date without Liquidated Damages LD imposed to the claimant.

However, both claimants and assessors encountered problems in assessing the EOT. The aim of this research is to recommend the usage of Microsoft Project as a tool in assessing EOT associated with the standard form of contract, PAM A quantitative method is applied towards the respondents that consisted of architects and quantity surveyors QS in order to collect data on challenges in assessing EOT claims and the effectiveness of Microsoft Project as a tool.

The military health system's personal health record pilot with Microsoft HealthVault and Google Health. The project design and implementation were guided by provider and patient advisory panels with formal user evaluation.

The pilot project included beneficiary users. Approximately Key lessons learned related to data-transfer decisions push vs pull , purposeful delays in reporting sensitive information, understanding and mapping PHR use and clinical workflow, and decisions on information patients may choose to share with their provider.

Microsoft offers Dynamics AX as its premium ERP solution, supporting large and mid-sized organizations with a complete business management solution which is easy to use. Exercises are there to train the processes and functionality, also making this book a good choice for self-study. Get expert advice on how to: Plan server roles, infrastructure, topology, and securityDesign and manage enterprise instant messaging IM , presence, and conferencing solutio.

Applications will be accepted in the order of their receipt. The next session will take place on April 1st, morning. Course sessions will be self-paced and self-directed, with participants being in control of their learning, while Meta-analyses and Forest plots using a microsoft excel spreadsheet: step-by-step guide focusing on descriptive data analysis.

Meta-analyses are necessary to synthesize data obtained from primary research, and in many situations reviews of observational studies are the only available alternative. General purpose statistical packages can meta-analyze data, but usually require external macros or coding. Commercial specialist software is available, but may be expensive and focused in a particular type of primary data. Most available softwares have limitations in dealing with descriptive data, and the graphical display of summary statistics such as incidence and prevalence is unsatisfactory.

Analyses can be conducted using Microsoft Excel, but there was no previous guide available. We constructed a step-by-step guide to perform a meta-analysis in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, using either fixed-effect or random-effects models.

We have also developed a second spreadsheet capable of producing customized forest plots. It is possible to conduct a meta-analysis using only Microsoft Excel. More important, to our knowledge this is the first description of a method for producing a statistically adequate but graphically appealing forest plot summarizing descriptive data, using widely available software.

Full Text Available Abstract Background Meta-analyses are necessary to synthesize data obtained from primary research, and in many situations reviews of observational studies are the only available alternative. Findings We constructed a step-by-step guide to perform a meta-analysis in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, using either fixed-effect or random-effects models.

Conclusions It is possible to conduct a meta-analysis using only Microsoft Excel. Oxygen uptake and plasma lactate were measured during the tests.

The contributions of the aerobic A MET , anaerobic lactic LA MET , and anaerobic alactic AL MET systems were calculated based on the oxygen uptake during exercise, the oxygen energy equivalents provided by lactate accumulation, and the fast component of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption, respectively. In order to assess the intra-investigator variation, four different investigators performed the analyses independently using GEDAE-LaB. A direct comparison with commercial software was also provided.

These findings suggest that GEDAE-LaB is a free software easily comprehended by users minimally familiarized with adopted procedures for calculations of energetic profile using oxygen uptake and lactate accumulation during exercise. By providing availability of the software and its source code we hope to facilitate future related research.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

The establishment of the amount of energy expenditure during exercise has been considered of key importance for strategy development aiming at both health [ 1 ] and athletic performance [ 2 ] improvement.

Over the past century, many methods have emerged in literature in order to assess energetic profiles during dynamic exercise [ 3 , 4 ]. It has been widely accepted that whole-body oxygen uptake can be used to represent aerobic system contribution A MET [ 5 ].

On the other hand, there is no universal method accepted as gold standard to estimate anaerobic system contribution [ 5 , 6 ].

Aside from being an invasive procedure, the small sample size taken in the biopsy for the determination of maximum amount of ATP that can be resynthesized by anaerobic system might result in an inaccurate estimative [ 6 ]. Among the main methods using whole-body physiological variables to estimate AL MET and LA MET , the measurement of post-exercise and blood lactate accumulation during exercise has been probably the most widely used [ 2 , 8 , 9 ]. In this model, AL MET is assessed by the determination of the fast component of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption [ 10 , 11 ], while LA MET is assessed by calculating the lactate accumulation O 2 equivalent [ 12 ], respectively.

Previous studies have demonstrated that this non-invasive method is able to properly assess the energy amount supplied by the anaerobic system when compared with other traditional methods such as maximal accumulated oxygen deficit [ 8 ] and Wingate test [ 9 ].

Furthermore, this method also has the additional advantage of enabling the establishment of energetic profile using portable metabolic system in a large variety of non-laboratory-based activities, such as weight training [ 2 ], rock climbing [ 13 ], ballet [ 14 ], and karate [ 15 ]. The convenience of this method is especially important because the increase of knowledge with regard to energy systems contributions during real life situations might provide a greater effectiveness of training strategies to improve both health and athletic performance.

Although this method provides many methodological advantages, it requires the use of some mathematical functions that may be unusual for some exercise physiologists. For example, in order to determine the AL MET during exercise is necessary to fit the post-exercise kinetics using a bi- or a mono-exponential model [ 8 , 9 , 16 ]. In addition, the area over the time used to represent the A MET has been determined using a trapezoid rule [ 14 , 17 , 18 ].

Excel , the determination of the AL MET is substantially more complex because it is necessary to choose appropriate exponential equations and insert first-estimated values for each parameter for those are not automatically provided.

Given that computer capabilities have been improved over the last decades, an array of emerging software packages have assisted in these data analyses. However, because available software packages are not free and were not designed especially for energy expenditure determination, they still might be considered costly, time-consuming, expertise-requiring and error-prone in their use. Unfortunately, the lack of direct available software may discourage physiologists from determining the metabolic profile during exercise.

Thus, the aim of the present study was to develop open-source software with an easy-to-use interface designed to calculate the energy system contributions and energy expenditure during exercise, using measurements of and blood lactate accumulation.

A direct comparison with a conventional commercial software and measurement of reliability of the GEDAE-LaB across different exercise physiologists were also provided. Eleven male students of physical education age The participants had been training 3—4 times per week in recreational sports jogging, soccer, and cycling for at least one year.

The participants were free of neuromuscular and cardiovascular dysfunctions and were not taking any medications at the time of data collection. They received a verbal explanation of the possible benefits, risks, and discomfort associated with the study and signed a written informed consent before participating in the study. The participants visited the laboratory on three separate occasions. These workload-constant tests were carried out in a counterbalanced order.

Each test was performed in two different occasions, at least 48 hours apart, in the same time of the day to avoid any circadian interference [ 19 ]. The oxygen uptake and plasma lactate accumulation were measured during workload-constant tests to determinate energy expenditure profile using GEDAE-LaB. The participants were instructed to refrain from exhaustive exercises and caffeine during the 24h preceding the testing sessions, and to avoid food intake about 2 h before the tests.

Subjects were also instructed to maintain the same diet habits throughout the study. All tests were performed in different days in a controlled laboratory environment Only one investigator was an expert in the procedures adopted for the calculations of energy expenditure, while others were not familiarized with these procedures.

The investigators that were not familiarized with the calculations were instructed to perform each phase of the calculations using only the information contained in the GEDAE-LaB. The results were blinded among the investigators during analysis. The maximal incremental exercise test was carried out on an electromagnetically braked cycle ergometer Ergo Fit , Pirmansens, Germany.

In order to attain maximum values, participants received strong verbal encouragement to continue as long as possible. The maximal heart rate HRmax was defined as the highest value obtained at the end of the test. The maximal oxygen uptake O 2 max was considered as the average of the oxygen uptake measured during the last 30 s of the test [ 20 ]. Maximal power output was established as the power output that elicited O 2 max. As previously described [ 21 ], the first ventilatory threshold was visually determined by two independent investigators using the following criteria: a the inflection point of VCO 2 with respect to , b the point of a nonlinear increase in , c the increase in PETO 2 while PETCO 2 remained stable.

When investigators were not in agreement, a third independent investigator was consulted. The same cycle ergometer and gas analyzer used in the maximal incremental test were used during the workload-constant tests. Before tests, the participants rested quietly on the cycle ergometer for 5 min to measure resting O 2 values O 2baseline. Subsequently, they exercised during 10 min or until the exhaustion at two different workloads moderate or severe exercise domains. Exhaustion was defined as the incapacity to maintain a minimum pedal cadence of 60 rpm.

The recovery time used to obtain the fast component of the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption was 10 min [ 8 ]. Gas exchanges were measured breath-by-breath using a gas analyzer calibrated according to manufacturer recommendations Cortex Metalyzer 3B, Cortex Biophysik, Leipzig, Germany. Heart rate was measured using a heart rate transmitter Polar Electro Oy, Kempele, Finland connected to the gas analyzer.

In this first version, GEDAE-LaB allows the determination of the contribution of each energy system using oxygen uptake measurement during and post exercise and blood or plasma lactate accumulation. It is a free software, intentioned to facilitate analysis of energetic profile during exercise. This software was developed using Extreme Programming software development methodology [ 22 ] that focuses primarily on customer satisfaction. This goal is achieved through several practices, including short development cycles and client presence; that is, the second and third authors were always present during development team working sessions.

Since the doubts of programmers could be rapidly answered, the correct features were rightly implemented, avoiding unnecessary rework. Still based on Extreme Programming, the development team also created unit and acceptance tests that were run automatically after every change in the code was pushed to the repository, which enabled quicker responses to programming errors.

The trustworthiness created on tests allowed for the use of continuous integration, that is, after every code change committed, a new software version was put live on the server. The software development team worked in pairs that changed every session, so any programmer would know most of the software codebase and would be able to change anything—what is called collective ownership.

The software was implemented as a website which allows anyone with Internet access to use it without installing anything. The energy expenditure calculation is made on server side, which demands even less from client hardware. The application runs on a Tomcat webserver running a Linux operating system. Thus, physiological data must be inputted using comma and point as a fractional part for thousand and decimal, respectively.

The duration time of the measurement of the O 2 during exercise and recovery must be expressed using seconds s or using the format hh:mm:ss. These physiological data can be copied and pasted from their respective spreadsheets in the software.

The first template of GEDAE-LaB contains brief information about the software, followed by a second template where the users choose which energy system they wish to calculate. The mathematical functions used in GEDAE-LaB to estimate energetic profile during dynamic exercise were in accordance with previous studies [ 13 , 14 , 15 ].

The trapezoidal method is used to calculate the oxygen uptake area over time during exercise and thus to estimate A MET. In the analyses presented in this study, we measured O 2 rest, which was automatically subtracted from oxygen uptake area by the software to obtain A MET.

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